A big toenail cracked vertically can be a painful and frustrating experience. While minor cracks may seem harmless, deeper splits can lead to infection, discomfort, and long-term nail damage. Knowing the causes, symptoms, and proper treatment methods will help prevent this complication. Here, we discuss why toenails crack vertically, effective treatments, and ways to prevent these occurrences in the future.
What Causes a Big Toenail to Crack Vertically?
A vertically cracked toenail often results from multiple factors, including:
1. Trauma or Injury
- Many times, the nail can break vertically when a heavy object falls on the foot or when the finger is hit.
- Repeated pressure from tight shoes or excessive running can also cause the nail to break.
2. Fungal Infections
- Toenail fungus weakens the structure of the nail, making it brittle and prone to cracking.
- If left untreated, fungal infections can cause the nail to thicken and split more.
3. Nutritional Deficiencies
- Lack of biotin, iron, and protein can weaken the nails, leading to cracks.
- A well-balanced diet supports healthy nail growth and strength.
4. Underlying Medical Conditions
- Psoriasis, eczema, and other skin conditions may cause nail abnormalities.
- Diabetes and circulation issues can also affect nail health, leading to cracking.
5. Improper Nail Care
- Cutting nails too short or in an improper shape can contribute to vertical splits.
- Using harsh nail polishes and acetone-based removers can dry out and weaken nails.
Symptoms of a Vertically Cracked Big Toenail
Recognizing the symptoms early can help prevent complications:
- Visible vertical split in the nail
- Pain or sensitivity around the crack
- Discoloration (yellow, white, or brown streaks)
- Thickened or brittle nail texture
- Signs of infection (redness, swelling, or pus)
How to Treat a Vertically Cracked Big Toenail
Treatment for a big toenail cracked vertically depends on the severity of the damage. Here are some effective solutions:
1. Home Remedies for Minor Cracks
- Trim the Nail Carefully: Use sterilized nail clippers to remove jagged edges.
- Apply a Nail Repair Kit: Nail glue or silk wraps can temporarily hold the crack together.
- Use Antibacterial Ointment: Prevent infection by applying an antiseptic and covering it with a bandage.
2. Medical Treatments
If the crack is severe or painful, seek professional care from Dr. Kris A. DiNucci, D.P.M, F.A.C.F.A.S at the Foot and Ankle Center of Arizona.
- Toenail Splinting: A doctor may apply a protective covering to support the healing nail.
- Partial or Complete Nail Removal: In cases of extreme damage, the affected nail may need removal to allow a new, healthy nail to grow.
- Antifungal Treatment: If a fungal infection is present, oral or topical antifungal medications may be prescribed.
Preventing a Cracked Big Toenail
Prevention is key to maintaining strong, healthy toenails. Follow these steps:
1. Wear Proper Footwear
- Choose comfortable, well-fitted shoes that provide ample toe room.
- Avoid high heels or tight shoes that put pressure on the toenails.
2. Keep Your Feet Clean and Dry
- Wash and dry your feet daily to prevent fungal infections.
- Use antifungal powders or sprays if you’re prone to sweaty feet.
3. Trim Nails Correctly
- Cut nails straight across rather than rounded to reduce the risk of splitting.
- Use a high-quality nail clipper and file to smooth rough edges.
4. Strengthen Your Nails
- Include biotin-rich foods like eggs, nuts, and leafy greens in your diet.
- Apply moisturizing nail oils to prevent dryness and brittleness.
5. Seek Professional Care
If you frequently experience vertically cracked toenails, consult a specialist like Dr. Kris A. DiNucci, D.P.M, F.A.C.F.A.S at the Foot and Ankle Center of Arizona for expert guidance.
When to See a Podiatrist
While minor nail cracks can be managed at home, seek professional help if:
- The crack is deep, painful, or bleeding.
- Signs of infection (redness, swelling, or pus) are present.
- The toenail is detaching from the nail bed.
- You have an underlying condition like diabetes that affects foot health.
FAQs
1. Can a vertically cracked toenail heal on its own?
Minor cracks may grow out over time, but deep cracks require medical intervention.
2. How long does it take for a cracked toenail to heal?
Toenails grow slowly; it can take 6-12 months for a full nail to regrow.
3. Should I pull off a cracked toenail?
No, pulling it off can cause further damage. Consult a podiatrist for safe treatment.
4. Is a cracked toenail a sign of an underlying health issue?
Yes, conditions like fungal infections, psoriasis, or vitamin deficiencies can contribute to brittle nails.
5. Where can I get treatment for a cracked big toenail?
Foot and Ankle Center of Arizona for expert care from Dr. Kris A. DiNucci, D.P.M, F.A.C.F.A.S.
Conclusion
A big toenail cracked vertically is a common yet potentially serious issue. Whether caused by trauma, fungal infections, or underlying health conditions, prompt treatment can prevent complications. If you’re experiencing persistent toenail cracks, schedule an appointment with Dr. Kris A. DiNucci, D.P.M, F.A.C.F.A.S at the Foot and Ankle Center of Arizona for expert diagnosis and treatment.
